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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaŋgəla |
| Genitive: | kaŋgəlan |
| Dative: | kaŋgəlalan |
| Accusative: | kaŋgəlam |
| Comparative: | kaŋgəlala |
| Comitative: | kaŋgəlage |
| Inessive: | kaŋgəlaʃte |
| Illative: | kaŋgəlaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaŋgəlaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaŋgəlam |
| 2SG: | kaŋgəlat |
| 3SG: | kaŋgəlaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kaŋgəlana |
| 2PL: | kaŋgəlada |
| 3PL: | kaŋgəlaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaŋgəla-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaŋgəla-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaŋgəlala |
| Sociative Plural: | kaŋgəlamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaŋgəlam | kaŋgəla-βlak | kaŋgəla-βlakem, kaŋgəlam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaŋgəlamən | kaŋgəla-βlakən | kaŋgəla-βlakemən, kaŋgəlam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaŋgəlamlan, kaŋgəlalanem | kaŋgəla-βlaklan | kaŋgəla-βlakemlan, kaŋgəlam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaŋgəlaməm | kaŋgəla-βlakəm | kaŋgəla-βlakeməm, kaŋgəlam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaŋgəlamla, kaŋgəlalam | kaŋgəla-βlakla | kaŋgəla-βlakemla, kaŋgəlam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaŋgəlamge | kaŋgəla-βlakge | kaŋgəla-βlakemge, kaŋgəlam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaŋgəlaʃtem | kaŋgəla-βlakəʃte | kaŋgəla-βlakəʃtem, kaŋgəlam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaŋgəlaʃkem | kaŋgəla-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaŋgəla-βlakəʃkem, kaŋgəlam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaŋgəlaʃem | kaŋgəla-βlakeʃ | kaŋgəla-βlakeʃem, kaŋgəlam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||