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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaβəl |
| Genitive: | kaβələn |
| Dative: | kaβəlːan |
| Accusative: | kaβələm |
| Comparative: | kaβəlːa |
| Comitative: | kaβəlge |
| Inessive: | kaβələʃte |
| Illative: | kaβələʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaβəleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaβəlem |
| 2SG: | kaβəlet |
| 3SG: | kaβəlʒe |
| 1PL: | kaβəlna |
| 2PL: | kaβəlda |
| 3PL: | kaβələʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaβəl-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaβəl-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaβəlːa |
| Sociative Plural: | kaβəlmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaβəlem | kaβəl-βlak | kaβəl-βlakem, kaβəlem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaβəlemən | kaβəl-βlakən | kaβəl-βlakemən, kaβəlem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaβəlemlan, kaβəlːanem | kaβəl-βlaklan | kaβəl-βlakemlan, kaβəlem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaβəleməm | kaβəl-βlakəm | kaβəl-βlakeməm, kaβəlem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaβəlemla, kaβəlːam | kaβəl-βlakla | kaβəl-βlakemla, kaβəlem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaβəlemge | kaβəl-βlakge | kaβəl-βlakemge, kaβəlem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaβələʃtem | kaβəl-βlakəʃte | kaβəl-βlakəʃtem, kaβəlem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaβələʃkem | kaβəl-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaβəl-βlakəʃkem, kaβəlem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaβəleʃem | kaβəl-βlakeʃ | kaβəl-βlakeʃem, kaβəlem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||