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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaktus |
| Genitive: | kaktusə̑n |
| Dative: | kaktuslan |
| Accusative: | kaktusə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaktusla |
| Comitative: | kaktusge |
| Inessive: | kaktusə̑što |
| Illative: | kaktusə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kaktuseš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaktusem |
| 2SG: | kaktuset |
| 3SG: | kaktusšo |
| 1PL: | kaktusna |
| 2PL: | kaktusda |
| 3PL: | kaktusə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaktus-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaktus-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kaktusla |
| Sociative Plural: | kaktusmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaktusem | kaktus-βlak | kaktus-βlakem, kaktusem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaktusemə̑n | kaktus-βlakə̑n | kaktus-βlakemə̑n, kaktusem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kaktusemlan, kaktuslanem | kaktus-βlaklan | kaktus-βlakemlan, kaktusem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaktusemə̑m | kaktus-βlakə̑m | kaktus-βlakemə̑m, kaktusem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaktusemla, kaktuslam | kaktus-βlakla | kaktus-βlakemla, kaktusem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaktusemge | kaktus-βlakge | kaktus-βlakemge, kaktusem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaktusə̑štem | kaktus-βlakə̑šte | kaktus-βlakə̑štem, kaktusem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kaktusə̑škem | kaktus-βlakə̑š(ke) | kaktus-βlakə̑škem, kaktusem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kaktusešem | kaktus-βlakeš | kaktus-βlakešem, kaktusem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||