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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kalij |
| Genitive: | kalijən |
| Dative: | kalijlan |
| Accusative: | kalijəm |
| Comparative: | kalijla |
| Comitative: | kalijge |
| Inessive: | kalijəʃte |
| Illative: | kalijəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalijeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kalijem |
| 2SG: | kalijet |
| 3SG: | kalijʒe |
| 1PL: | kalijna |
| 2PL: | kalijda |
| 3PL: | kalijəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kalij-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kalij-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kalijla |
| Sociative Plural: | kalijmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kalijem | kalij-βlak | kalij-βlakem, kalijem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kalijemən | kalij-βlakən | kalij-βlakemən, kalijem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kalijemlan, kalijlanem | kalij-βlaklan | kalij-βlakemlan, kalijem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kalijeməm | kalij-βlakəm | kalij-βlakeməm, kalijem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kalijemla, kalijlam | kalij-βlakla | kalij-βlakemla, kalijem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kalijemge | kalij-βlakge | kalij-βlakemge, kalijem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kalijəʃtem | kalij-βlakəʃte | kalij-βlakəʃtem, kalijem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kalijəʃkem | kalij-βlakəʃ(ke) | kalij-βlakəʃkem, kalijem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalijeʃem | kalij-βlakeʃ | kalij-βlakeʃem, kalijem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||