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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kalnək |
| Genitive: | kalnəkən |
| Dative: | kalnəklan |
| Accusative: | kalnəkəm |
| Comparative: | kalnəkla |
| Comitative: | kalnəkge |
| Inessive: | kalnəkəʃte |
| Illative: | kalnəkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalnəkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kalnəkem |
| 2SG: | kalnəket |
| 3SG: | kalnəkʃe |
| 1PL: | kalnəkna |
| 2PL: | kalnəkda |
| 3PL: | kalnəkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kalnək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kalnək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kalnəkla |
| Sociative Plural: | kalnəkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kalnəkem | kalnək-βlak | kalnək-βlakem, kalnəkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kalnəkemən | kalnək-βlakən | kalnək-βlakemən, kalnəkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kalnəkemlan, kalnəklanem | kalnək-βlaklan | kalnək-βlakemlan, kalnəkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kalnəkeməm | kalnək-βlakəm | kalnək-βlakeməm, kalnəkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kalnəkemla, kalnəklam | kalnək-βlakla | kalnək-βlakemla, kalnəkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kalnəkemge | kalnək-βlakge | kalnək-βlakemge, kalnəkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kalnəkəʃtem | kalnək-βlakəʃte | kalnək-βlakəʃtem, kalnəkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kalnəkəʃkem | kalnək-βlakəʃ(ke) | kalnək-βlakəʃkem, kalnəkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalnəkeʃem | kalnək-βlakeʃ | kalnək-βlakeʃem, kalnəkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||