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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kβoto |
| Genitive: | kβotə̑n |
| Dative: | kβotə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kβotə̑m |
| Comparative: | kβotə̑la |
| Comitative: | kβotə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kβotə̑što |
| Illative: | kβotə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kβoteš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kβotem |
| 2SG: | kβotet |
| 3SG: | kβotə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | kβotə̑na |
| 2PL: | kβotə̑da |
| 3PL: | kβotə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kβoto-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kβoto-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kβotə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kβotə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kβotem | kβoto-βlak | kβoto-βlakem, kβotem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kβotemə̑n | kβoto-βlakə̑n | kβoto-βlakemə̑n, kβotem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kβotemlan, kβotə̑lanem | kβoto-βlaklan | kβoto-βlakemlan, kβotem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kβotemə̑m | kβoto-βlakə̑m | kβoto-βlakemə̑m, kβotem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kβotemla, kβotə̑lam | kβoto-βlakla | kβoto-βlakemla, kβotem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kβotemge | kβoto-βlakge | kβoto-βlakemge, kβotem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kβotə̑štem | kβoto-βlakə̑šte | kβoto-βlakə̑štem, kβotem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kβotə̑škem | kβoto-βlakə̑š(ke) | kβoto-βlakə̑škem, kβotem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kβotešem | kβoto-βlakeš | kβoto-βlakešem, kβotem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||