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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kefir |
| Genitive: | kefirən |
| Dative: | kefirlan |
| Accusative: | kefirəm |
| Comparative: | kefirla |
| Comitative: | kefirge |
| Inessive: | kefirəʃte |
| Illative: | kefirəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kefireʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kefirem |
| 2SG: | kefiret |
| 3SG: | kefirʒe |
| 1PL: | kefirna |
| 2PL: | kefirda |
| 3PL: | kefirəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kefir-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kefir-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kefirla |
| Sociative Plural: | kefirmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kefirem | kefir-βlak | kefir-βlakem, kefirem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kefiremən | kefir-βlakən | kefir-βlakemən, kefirem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kefiremlan, kefirlanem | kefir-βlaklan | kefir-βlakemlan, kefirem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kefireməm | kefir-βlakəm | kefir-βlakeməm, kefirem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kefiremla, kefirlam | kefir-βlakla | kefir-βlakemla, kefirem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kefiremge | kefir-βlakge | kefir-βlakemge, kefirem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kefirəʃtem | kefir-βlakəʃte | kefir-βlakəʃtem, kefirem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kefirəʃkem | kefir-βlakəʃ(ke) | kefir-βlakəʃkem, kefirem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kefireʃem | kefir-βlakeʃ | kefir-βlakeʃem, kefirem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||