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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kirgiz |
| Genitive: | kirgizən |
| Dative: | kirgizlan |
| Accusative: | kirgizəm |
| Comparative: | kirgizla |
| Comitative: | kirgizge |
| Inessive: | kirgizəʃte |
| Illative: | kirgizəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kirgizeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kirgizem |
| 2SG: | kirgizet |
| 3SG: | kirgizʃe |
| 1PL: | kirgizna |
| 2PL: | kirgizda |
| 3PL: | kirgizəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kirgiz-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kirgiz-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kirgizla |
| Sociative Plural: | kirgizmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kirgizem | kirgiz-βlak | kirgiz-βlakem, kirgizem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kirgizemən | kirgiz-βlakən | kirgiz-βlakemən, kirgizem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kirgizemlan, kirgizlanem | kirgiz-βlaklan | kirgiz-βlakemlan, kirgizem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kirgizeməm | kirgiz-βlakəm | kirgiz-βlakeməm, kirgizem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kirgizemla, kirgizlam | kirgiz-βlakla | kirgiz-βlakemla, kirgizem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kirgizemge | kirgiz-βlakge | kirgiz-βlakemge, kirgizem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kirgizəʃtem | kirgiz-βlakəʃte | kirgiz-βlakəʃtem, kirgizem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kirgizəʃkem | kirgiz-βlakəʃ(ke) | kirgiz-βlakəʃkem, kirgizem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kirgizeʃem | kirgiz-βlakeʃ | kirgiz-βlakeʃem, kirgizem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||