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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiʃ |
| Genitive: | kiʃən |
| Dative: | kiʃlan |
| Accusative: | kiʃəm |
| Comparative: | kiʃla |
| Comitative: | kiʃge |
| Inessive: | kiʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kiʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kiʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiʃem |
| 2SG: | kiʃet |
| 3SG: | kiʃːe, kiʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kiʃna |
| 2PL: | kiʃda |
| 3PL: | kiʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kiʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kiʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiʃem | kiʃ-βlak | kiʃ-βlakem, kiʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiʃemən | kiʃ-βlakən | kiʃ-βlakemən, kiʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kiʃemlan, kiʃlanem | kiʃ-βlaklan | kiʃ-βlakemlan, kiʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiʃeməm | kiʃ-βlakəm | kiʃ-βlakeməm, kiʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kiʃemla, kiʃlam | kiʃ-βlakla | kiʃ-βlakemla, kiʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiʃemge | kiʃ-βlakge | kiʃ-βlakemge, kiʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiʃəʃtem | kiʃ-βlakəʃte | kiʃ-βlakəʃtem, kiʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kiʃəʃkem | kiʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kiʃ-βlakəʃkem, kiʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kiʃeʃem | kiʃ-βlakeʃ | kiʃ-βlakeʃem, kiʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||