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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiʃan |
| Genitive: | kiʃanən |
| Dative: | kiʃanlan |
| Accusative: | kiʃanəm |
| Comparative: | kiʃanla |
| Comitative: | kiʃange |
| Inessive: | kiʃanəʃte |
| Illative: | kiʃanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kiʃaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiʃanem |
| 2SG: | kiʃanet |
| 3SG: | kiʃanʒe |
| 1PL: | kiʃanːa |
| 2PL: | kiʃanda |
| 3PL: | kiʃanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiʃan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kiʃanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kiʃanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiʃanem | kiʃan-βlak | kiʃan-βlakem, kiʃanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiʃanemən | kiʃan-βlakən | kiʃan-βlakemən, kiʃanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kiʃanemlan, kiʃanlanem | kiʃan-βlaklan | kiʃan-βlakemlan, kiʃanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiʃaneməm | kiʃan-βlakəm | kiʃan-βlakeməm, kiʃanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kiʃanemla, kiʃanlam | kiʃan-βlakla | kiʃan-βlakemla, kiʃanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiʃanemge | kiʃan-βlakge | kiʃan-βlakemge, kiʃanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiʃanəʃtem | kiʃan-βlakəʃte | kiʃan-βlakəʃtem, kiʃanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kiʃanəʃkem | kiʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | kiʃan-βlakəʃkem, kiʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kiʃaneʃem | kiʃan-βlakeʃ | kiʃan-βlakeʃem, kiʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||