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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiškə̑βuč́ |
| Genitive: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškə̑βuč́lan |
| Accusative: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškə̑βuč́la |
| Comitative: | kiškə̑βuč́ge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑što |
| Illative: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kiškə̑βuč́eš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiškə̑βuč́em |
| 2SG: | kiškə̑βuč́et |
| 3SG: | kiškə̑βuč́šo |
| 1PL: | kiškə̑βuč́na |
| 2PL: | kiškə̑βuč́da |
| 3PL: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiškə̑βuč́-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiškə̑βuč́-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kiškə̑βuč́la |
| Sociative Plural: | kiškə̑βuč́mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiškə̑βuč́em | kiškə̑βuč́-βlak | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakem, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiškə̑βuč́emə̑n | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑n | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakemə̑n, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškə̑βuč́emlan, kiškə̑βuč́lanem | kiškə̑βuč́-βlaklan | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakemlan, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiškə̑βuč́emə̑m | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑m | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakemə̑m, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškə̑βuč́emla, kiškə̑βuč́lam | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakla | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakemla, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiškə̑βuč́emge | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakge | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakemge, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑štem | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑šte | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑štem, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kiškə̑βuč́ə̑škem | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑š(ke) | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakə̑škem, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kiškə̑βuč́ešem | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakeš | kiškə̑βuč́-βlakešem, kiškə̑βuč́em-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||