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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiʃkəgol |
| Genitive: | kiʃkəgolən |
| Dative: | kiʃkəgolːan |
| Accusative: | kiʃkəgoləm |
| Comparative: | kiʃkəgolːa |
| Comitative: | kiʃkəgolge |
| Inessive: | kiʃkəgoləʃto |
| Illative: | kiʃkəgoləʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kiʃkəgoleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiʃkəgolem |
| 2SG: | kiʃkəgolet |
| 3SG: | kiʃkəgolʒo |
| 1PL: | kiʃkəgolna |
| 2PL: | kiʃkəgolda |
| 3PL: | kiʃkəgoləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiʃkəgol-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiʃkəgol-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kiʃkəgolːa |
| Sociative Plural: | kiʃkəgolmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiʃkəgolem | kiʃkəgol-βlak | kiʃkəgol-βlakem, kiʃkəgolem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiʃkəgolemən | kiʃkəgol-βlakən | kiʃkəgol-βlakemən, kiʃkəgolem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kiʃkəgolemlan, kiʃkəgolːanem | kiʃkəgol-βlaklan | kiʃkəgol-βlakemlan, kiʃkəgolem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiʃkəgoleməm | kiʃkəgol-βlakəm | kiʃkəgol-βlakeməm, kiʃkəgolem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kiʃkəgolemla, kiʃkəgolːam | kiʃkəgol-βlakla | kiʃkəgol-βlakemla, kiʃkəgolem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiʃkəgolemge | kiʃkəgol-βlakge | kiʃkəgol-βlakemge, kiʃkəgolem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiʃkəgoləʃtem | kiʃkəgol-βlakəʃte | kiʃkəgol-βlakəʃtem, kiʃkəgolem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kiʃkəgoləʃkem | kiʃkəgol-βlakəʃ(ke) | kiʃkəgol-βlakəʃkem, kiʃkəgolem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kiʃkəgoleʃem | kiʃkəgol-βlakeʃ | kiʃkəgol-βlakeʃem, kiʃkəgolem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||