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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiškə̑šaleŋge |
| Genitive: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑la |
| Comitative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑šte |
| Illative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiškə̑šaleŋgem |
| 2SG: | kiškə̑šaleŋget |
| 3SG: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑na |
| 2PL: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑da |
| 3PL: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiškə̑šaleŋge-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgem | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlak | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakem, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiškə̑šaleŋgemə̑n | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑n | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakemə̑n, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgemlan, kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑lanem | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlaklan | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakemlan, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgemə̑m | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑m | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakemə̑m, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgemla, kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑lam | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakla | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakemla, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgemge | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakge | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakemge, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑štem | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑šte | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑štem, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgə̑škem | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑š(ke) | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakə̑škem, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kiškə̑šaleŋgešem | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakeš | kiškə̑šaleŋge-βlakešem, kiškə̑šaleŋgem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||