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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kiške |
| Genitive: | kiškə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kiškə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškə̑la |
| Comitative: | kiškə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑šte |
| Illative: | kiškə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kiškeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kiškem |
| 2SG: | kišket |
| 3SG: | kiškə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kiškə̑na |
| 2PL: | kiškə̑da |
| 3PL: | kiškə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kiške-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kiške-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kiškə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kiškə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kiškem | kiške-βlak | kiške-βlakem, kiškem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kiškemə̑n | kiške-βlakə̑n | kiške-βlakemə̑n, kiškem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kiškemlan, kiškə̑lanem | kiške-βlaklan | kiške-βlakemlan, kiškem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kiškemə̑m | kiške-βlakə̑m | kiške-βlakemə̑m, kiškem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kiškemla, kiškə̑lam | kiške-βlakla | kiške-βlakemla, kiškem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kiškemge | kiške-βlakge | kiške-βlakemge, kiškem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kiškə̑štem | kiške-βlakə̑šte | kiške-βlakə̑štem, kiškem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kiškə̑škem | kiške-βlakə̑š(ke) | kiške-βlakə̑škem, kiškem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kiškešem | kiške-βlakeš | kiške-βlakešem, kiškem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||