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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | klapan |
| Genitive: | klapanən |
| Dative: | klapanlan |
| Accusative: | klapanəm |
| Comparative: | klapanla |
| Comitative: | klapange |
| Inessive: | klapanəʃte |
| Illative: | klapanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | klapaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | klapanem |
| 2SG: | klapanet |
| 3SG: | klapanʒe |
| 1PL: | klapanːa |
| 2PL: | klapanda |
| 3PL: | klapanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | klapan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | klapan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | klapanla |
| Sociative Plural: | klapanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | klapanem | klapan-βlak | klapan-βlakem, klapanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | klapanemən | klapan-βlakən | klapan-βlakemən, klapanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | klapanemlan, klapanlanem | klapan-βlaklan | klapan-βlakemlan, klapanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | klapaneməm | klapan-βlakəm | klapan-βlakeməm, klapanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | klapanemla, klapanlam | klapan-βlakla | klapan-βlakemla, klapanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | klapanemge | klapan-βlakge | klapan-βlakemge, klapanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | klapanəʃtem | klapan-βlakəʃte | klapan-βlakəʃtem, klapanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | klapanəʃkem | klapan-βlakəʃ(ke) | klapan-βlakəʃkem, klapanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | klapaneʃem | klapan-βlakeʃ | klapan-βlakeʃem, klapanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||