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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | knigagudo |
| Genitive: | knigagudə̑n |
| Dative: | knigagudə̑lan |
| Accusative: | knigagudə̑m |
| Comparative: | knigagudə̑la |
| Comitative: | knigagudə̑ge |
| Inessive: | knigagudə̑što |
| Illative: | knigagudə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | knigagudeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | knigagudem |
| 2SG: | knigagudet |
| 3SG: | knigagudə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | knigagudə̑na |
| 2PL: | knigagudə̑da |
| 3PL: | knigagudə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | knigagudo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | knigagudo-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | knigagudə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | knigagudə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | knigagudem | knigagudo-βlak | knigagudo-βlakem, knigagudem-βlak |
| Genitive: | knigagudemə̑n | knigagudo-βlakə̑n | knigagudo-βlakemə̑n, knigagudem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | knigagudemlan, knigagudə̑lanem | knigagudo-βlaklan | knigagudo-βlakemlan, knigagudem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | knigagudemə̑m | knigagudo-βlakə̑m | knigagudo-βlakemə̑m, knigagudem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | knigagudemla, knigagudə̑lam | knigagudo-βlakla | knigagudo-βlakemla, knigagudem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | knigagudemge | knigagudo-βlakge | knigagudo-βlakemge, knigagudem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | knigagudə̑štem | knigagudo-βlakə̑šte | knigagudo-βlakə̑štem, knigagudem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | knigagudə̑škem | knigagudo-βlakə̑š(ke) | knigagudo-βlakə̑škem, knigagudem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | knigagudešem | knigagudo-βlakeš | knigagudo-βlakešem, knigagudem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||