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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | knigagudo |
| Genitive: | knigagudən |
| Dative: | knigagudəlan |
| Accusative: | knigagudəm |
| Comparative: | knigagudəla |
| Comitative: | knigagudəge |
| Inessive: | knigagudəʃto |
| Illative: | knigagudəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | knigagudeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | knigagudem |
| 2SG: | knigagudet |
| 3SG: | knigagudəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | knigagudəna |
| 2PL: | knigagudəda |
| 3PL: | knigagudəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | knigagudo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | knigagudo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | knigagudəla |
| Sociative Plural: | knigagudəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | knigagudem | knigagudo-βlak | knigagudo-βlakem, knigagudem-βlak |
| Genitive: | knigagudemən | knigagudo-βlakən | knigagudo-βlakemən, knigagudem-βlakən |
| Dative: | knigagudemlan, knigagudəlanem | knigagudo-βlaklan | knigagudo-βlakemlan, knigagudem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | knigagudeməm | knigagudo-βlakəm | knigagudo-βlakeməm, knigagudem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | knigagudemla, knigagudəlam | knigagudo-βlakla | knigagudo-βlakemla, knigagudem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | knigagudemge | knigagudo-βlakge | knigagudo-βlakemge, knigagudem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | knigagudəʃtem | knigagudo-βlakəʃte | knigagudo-βlakəʃtem, knigagudem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | knigagudəʃkem | knigagudo-βlakəʃ(ke) | knigagudo-βlakəʃkem, knigagudem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | knigagudeʃem | knigagudo-βlakeʃ | knigagudo-βlakeʃem, knigagudem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||