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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | knopko |
| Genitive: | knopkə̑n |
| Dative: | knopkə̑lan |
| Accusative: | knopkə̑m |
| Comparative: | knopkə̑la |
| Comitative: | knopkə̑ge |
| Inessive: | knopkə̑što |
| Illative: | knopkə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | knopkeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | knopkem |
| 2SG: | knopket |
| 3SG: | knopkə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | knopkə̑na |
| 2PL: | knopkə̑da |
| 3PL: | knopkə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | knopko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | knopko-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | knopkə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | knopkə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | knopkem | knopko-βlak | knopko-βlakem, knopkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | knopkemə̑n | knopko-βlakə̑n | knopko-βlakemə̑n, knopkem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | knopkemlan, knopkə̑lanem | knopko-βlaklan | knopko-βlakemlan, knopkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | knopkemə̑m | knopko-βlakə̑m | knopko-βlakemə̑m, knopkem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | knopkemla, knopkə̑lam | knopko-βlakla | knopko-βlakemla, knopkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | knopkemge | knopko-βlakge | knopko-βlakemge, knopkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | knopkə̑štem | knopko-βlakə̑šte | knopko-βlakə̑štem, knopkem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | knopkə̑škem | knopko-βlakə̑š(ke) | knopko-βlakə̑škem, knopkem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | knopkešem | knopko-βlakeš | knopko-βlakešem, knopkem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||