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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koβaštan |
| Genitive: | koβaštanə̑n |
| Dative: | koβaštanlan |
| Accusative: | koβaštanə̑m |
| Comparative: | koβaštanla |
| Comitative: | koβaštange |
| Inessive: | koβaštanə̑šte |
| Illative: | koβaštanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koβaštaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koβaštanem |
| 2SG: | koβaštanet |
| 3SG: | koβaštanže |
| 1PL: | koβaštanna |
| 2PL: | koβaštanda |
| 3PL: | koβaštanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koβaštan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koβaštan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koβaštanla |
| Sociative Plural: | koβaštanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koβaštanem | koβaštan-βlak | koβaštan-βlakem, koβaštanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koβaštanemə̑n | koβaštan-βlakə̑n | koβaštan-βlakemə̑n, koβaštanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koβaštanemlan, koβaštanlanem | koβaštan-βlaklan | koβaštan-βlakemlan, koβaštanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koβaštanemə̑m | koβaštan-βlakə̑m | koβaštan-βlakemə̑m, koβaštanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koβaštanemla, koβaštanlam | koβaštan-βlakla | koβaštan-βlakemla, koβaštanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koβaštanemge | koβaštan-βlakge | koβaštan-βlakemge, koβaštanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koβaštanə̑štem | koβaštan-βlakə̑šte | koβaštan-βlakə̑štem, koβaštanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koβaštanə̑škem | koβaštan-βlakə̑š(ke) | koβaštan-βlakə̑škem, koβaštanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koβaštanešem | koβaštan-βlakeš | koβaštan-βlakešem, koβaštanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||