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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koβə̑štašukš |
| Genitive: | koβə̑štašukšə̑n |
| Dative: | koβə̑štašukšlan |
| Accusative: | koβə̑štašukšə̑m |
| Comparative: | koβə̑štašukšla |
| Comitative: | koβə̑štašukšge |
| Inessive: | koβə̑štašukšto, koβə̑štašukšə̑što |
| Illative: | koβə̑štašukško, koβə̑štašukšə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | koβə̑štašukšeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koβə̑štašukšem |
| 2SG: | koβə̑štašukšet |
| 3SG: | koβə̑štašukššo, koβə̑štašukšə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | koβə̑štašukšna |
| 2PL: | koβə̑štašukšda |
| 3PL: | koβə̑štašukšə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koβə̑štašukš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koβə̑štašukš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koβə̑štašukšla |
| Sociative Plural: | koβə̑štašukšmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koβə̑štašukšem | koβə̑štašukš-βlak | koβə̑štašukš-βlakem, koβə̑štašukšem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koβə̑štašukšemə̑n | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑n | koβə̑štašukš-βlakemə̑n, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koβə̑štašukšemlan, koβə̑štašukšlanem | koβə̑štašukš-βlaklan | koβə̑štašukš-βlakemlan, koβə̑štašukšem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koβə̑štašukšemə̑m | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑m | koβə̑štašukš-βlakemə̑m, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koβə̑štašukšemla, koβə̑štašukšlam | koβə̑štašukš-βlakla | koβə̑štašukš-βlakemla, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koβə̑štašukšemge | koβə̑štašukš-βlakge | koβə̑štašukš-βlakemge, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koβə̑štašukštem, koβə̑štašukšə̑štem | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑šte | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑štem, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koβə̑štašukškem, koβə̑štašukšə̑škem | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑š(ke) | koβə̑štašukš-βlakə̑škem, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koβə̑štašukšešem | koβə̑štašukš-βlakeš | koβə̑štašukš-βlakešem, koβə̑štašukšem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||