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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kozla |
| Genitive: | kozlan |
| Dative: | kozlalan |
| Accusative: | kozlam |
| Comparative: | kozlala |
| Comitative: | kozlage |
| Inessive: | kozlaʃte |
| Illative: | kozlaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kozlaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kozlam |
| 2SG: | kozlat |
| 3SG: | kozlaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kozlana |
| 2PL: | kozlada |
| 3PL: | kozlaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kozla-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kozla-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kozlala |
| Sociative Plural: | kozlamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kozlam | kozla-βlak | kozla-βlakem, kozlam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kozlamən | kozla-βlakən | kozla-βlakemən, kozlam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kozlamlan, kozlalanem | kozla-βlaklan | kozla-βlakemlan, kozlam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kozlaməm | kozla-βlakəm | kozla-βlakeməm, kozlam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kozlamla, kozlalam | kozla-βlakla | kozla-βlakemla, kozlam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kozlamge | kozla-βlakge | kozla-βlakemge, kozlam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kozlaʃtem | kozla-βlakəʃte | kozla-βlakəʃtem, kozlam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kozlaʃkem | kozla-βlakəʃ(ke) | kozla-βlakəʃkem, kozlam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kozlaʃem | kozla-βlakeʃ | kozla-βlakeʃem, kozlam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||