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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koldun |
| Genitive: | koldunən |
| Dative: | koldunlan |
| Accusative: | koldunəm |
| Comparative: | koldunla |
| Comitative: | koldunge |
| Inessive: | koldunəʃto |
| Illative: | koldunəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | kolduneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koldunem |
| 2SG: | koldunet |
| 3SG: | koldunʒo |
| 1PL: | koldunːa |
| 2PL: | koldunda |
| 3PL: | koldunəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koldun-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koldun-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | koldunla |
| Sociative Plural: | koldunmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koldunem | koldun-βlak | koldun-βlakem, koldunem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koldunemən | koldun-βlakən | koldun-βlakemən, koldunem-βlakən |
| Dative: | koldunemlan, koldunlanem | koldun-βlaklan | koldun-βlakemlan, koldunem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kolduneməm | koldun-βlakəm | koldun-βlakeməm, koldunem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | koldunemla, koldunlam | koldun-βlakla | koldun-βlakemla, koldunem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koldunemge | koldun-βlakge | koldun-βlakemge, koldunem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koldunəʃtem | koldun-βlakəʃte | koldun-βlakəʃtem, koldunem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | koldunəʃkem | koldun-βlakəʃ(ke) | koldun-βlakəʃkem, koldunem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kolduneʃem | koldun-βlakeʃ | koldun-βlakeʃem, koldunem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||