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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kolšüm |
| Genitive: | kolšümə̑n |
| Dative: | kolšümlan |
| Accusative: | kolšümə̑m |
| Comparative: | kolšümla |
| Comitative: | kolšümge |
| Inessive: | kolšümə̑štö |
| Illative: | kolšümə̑š(kö) |
| Lative: | kolšümeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kolšümem |
| 2SG: | kolšümet |
| 3SG: | kolšümžö |
| 1PL: | kolšümna |
| 2PL: | kolšümda |
| 3PL: | kolšümə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kolšüm-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kolšüm-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kolšümla |
| Sociative Plural: | kolšümmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kolšümem | kolšüm-βlak | kolšüm-βlakem, kolšümem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kolšümemə̑n | kolšüm-βlakə̑n | kolšüm-βlakemə̑n, kolšümem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kolšümemlan, kolšümlanem | kolšüm-βlaklan | kolšüm-βlakemlan, kolšümem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kolšümemə̑m | kolšüm-βlakə̑m | kolšüm-βlakemə̑m, kolšümem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kolšümemla, kolšümlam | kolšüm-βlakla | kolšüm-βlakemla, kolšümem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kolšümemge | kolšüm-βlakge | kolšüm-βlakemge, kolšümem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kolšümə̑štem | kolšüm-βlakə̑šte | kolšüm-βlakə̑štem, kolšümem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kolšümə̑škem | kolšüm-βlakə̑š(ke) | kolšüm-βlakə̑škem, kolšümem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kolšümešem | kolšüm-βlakeš | kolšüm-βlakešem, kolšümem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||