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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kopa |
| Genitive: | kopan |
| Dative: | kopalan |
| Accusative: | kopam |
| Comparative: | kopala |
| Comitative: | kopage |
| Inessive: | kopaʃte |
| Illative: | kopaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kopaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kopam |
| 2SG: | kopat |
| 3SG: | kopaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kopana |
| 2PL: | kopada |
| 3PL: | kopaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kopa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kopa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kopala |
| Sociative Plural: | kopamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kopam | kopa-βlak | kopa-βlakem, kopam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kopamən | kopa-βlakən | kopa-βlakemən, kopam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kopamlan, kopalanem | kopa-βlaklan | kopa-βlakemlan, kopam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kopaməm | kopa-βlakəm | kopa-βlakeməm, kopam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kopamla, kopalam | kopa-βlakla | kopa-βlakemla, kopam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kopamge | kopa-βlakge | kopa-βlakemge, kopam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kopaʃtem | kopa-βlakəʃte | kopa-βlakəʃtem, kopam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kopaʃkem | kopa-βlakəʃ(ke) | kopa-βlakəʃkem, kopam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kopaʃem | kopa-βlakeʃ | kopa-βlakeʃem, kopam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||