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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kopnaβundaš |
| Genitive: | kopnaβundašə̑n |
| Dative: | kopnaβundašlan |
| Accusative: | kopnaβundašə̑m |
| Comparative: | kopnaβundašla |
| Comitative: | kopnaβundašge |
| Inessive: | kopnaβundašte, kopnaβundašə̑šte |
| Illative: | kopnaβundaške, kopnaβundašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kopnaβundašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kopnaβundašem |
| 2SG: | kopnaβundašet |
| 3SG: | kopnaβundašše, kopnaβundašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kopnaβundašna |
| 2PL: | kopnaβundašda |
| 3PL: | kopnaβundašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kopnaβundaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kopnaβundaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kopnaβundašla |
| Sociative Plural: | kopnaβundašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kopnaβundašem | kopnaβundaš-βlak | kopnaβundaš-βlakem, kopnaβundašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kopnaβundašemə̑n | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑n | kopnaβundaš-βlakemə̑n, kopnaβundašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kopnaβundašemlan, kopnaβundašlanem | kopnaβundaš-βlaklan | kopnaβundaš-βlakemlan, kopnaβundašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kopnaβundašemə̑m | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑m | kopnaβundaš-βlakemə̑m, kopnaβundašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kopnaβundašemla, kopnaβundašlam | kopnaβundaš-βlakla | kopnaβundaš-βlakemla, kopnaβundašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kopnaβundašemge | kopnaβundaš-βlakge | kopnaβundaš-βlakemge, kopnaβundašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kopnaβundaštem, kopnaβundašə̑štem | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑šte | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑štem, kopnaβundašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kopnaβundaškem, kopnaβundašə̑škem | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | kopnaβundaš-βlakə̑škem, kopnaβundašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kopnaβundašešem | kopnaβundaš-βlakeš | kopnaβundaš-βlakešem, kopnaβundašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||