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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koptakaj |
| Genitive: | koptakajən |
| Dative: | koptakajlan |
| Accusative: | koptakajəm |
| Comparative: | koptakajla |
| Comitative: | koptakajge |
| Inessive: | koptakajəʃte |
| Illative: | koptakajəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koptakajeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koptakajem |
| 2SG: | koptakajet |
| 3SG: | koptakajʒe |
| 1PL: | koptakajna |
| 2PL: | koptakajda |
| 3PL: | koptakajəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koptakaj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koptakaj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | koptakajla |
| Sociative Plural: | koptakajmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koptakajem | koptakaj-βlak | koptakaj-βlakem, koptakajem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koptakajemən | koptakaj-βlakən | koptakaj-βlakemən, koptakajem-βlakən |
| Dative: | koptakajemlan, koptakajlanem | koptakaj-βlaklan | koptakaj-βlakemlan, koptakajem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koptakajeməm | koptakaj-βlakəm | koptakaj-βlakeməm, koptakajem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | koptakajemla, koptakajlam | koptakaj-βlakla | koptakaj-βlakemla, koptakajem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koptakajemge | koptakaj-βlakge | koptakaj-βlakemge, koptakajem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koptakajəʃtem | koptakaj-βlakəʃte | koptakaj-βlakəʃtem, koptakajem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | koptakajəʃkem | koptakaj-βlakəʃ(ke) | koptakaj-βlakəʃkem, koptakajem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koptakajeʃem | koptakaj-βlakeʃ | koptakaj-βlakeʃem, koptakajem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||