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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koptak |
| Genitive: | koptakə̑n |
| Dative: | koptaklan |
| Accusative: | koptakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptakla |
| Comitative: | koptakge |
| Inessive: | koptakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koptakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koptakeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koptakem |
| 2SG: | koptaket |
| 3SG: | koptakše |
| 1PL: | koptakna |
| 2PL: | koptakda |
| 3PL: | koptakə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koptak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koptak-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koptakla |
| Sociative Plural: | koptakmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koptakem | koptak-βlak | koptak-βlakem, koptakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koptakemə̑n | koptak-βlakə̑n | koptak-βlakemə̑n, koptakem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koptakemlan, koptaklanem | koptak-βlaklan | koptak-βlakemlan, koptakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koptakemə̑m | koptak-βlakə̑m | koptak-βlakemə̑m, koptakem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptakemla, koptaklam | koptak-βlakla | koptak-βlakemla, koptakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koptakemge | koptak-βlakge | koptak-βlakemge, koptakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koptakə̑štem | koptak-βlakə̑šte | koptak-βlakə̑štem, koptakem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koptakə̑škem | koptak-βlakə̑š(ke) | koptak-βlakə̑škem, koptakem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koptakešem | koptak-βlakeš | koptak-βlakešem, koptakem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||