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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koptilke |
| Genitive: | koptilkə̑n |
| Dative: | koptilkə̑lan |
| Accusative: | koptilkə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptilkə̑la |
| Comitative: | koptilkə̑ge |
| Inessive: | koptilkə̑šte |
| Illative: | koptilkə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koptilkeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koptilkem |
| 2SG: | koptilket |
| 3SG: | koptilkə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | koptilkə̑na |
| 2PL: | koptilkə̑da |
| 3PL: | koptilkə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koptilke-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koptilke-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koptilkə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | koptilkə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koptilkem | koptilke-βlak | koptilke-βlakem, koptilkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koptilkemə̑n | koptilke-βlakə̑n | koptilke-βlakemə̑n, koptilkem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koptilkemlan, koptilkə̑lanem | koptilke-βlaklan | koptilke-βlakemlan, koptilkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koptilkemə̑m | koptilke-βlakə̑m | koptilke-βlakemə̑m, koptilkem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptilkemla, koptilkə̑lam | koptilke-βlakla | koptilke-βlakemla, koptilkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koptilkemge | koptilke-βlakge | koptilke-βlakemge, koptilkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koptilkə̑štem | koptilke-βlakə̑šte | koptilke-βlakə̑štem, koptilkem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koptilkə̑škem | koptilke-βlakə̑š(ke) | koptilke-βlakə̑škem, koptilkem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koptilkešem | koptilke-βlakeš | koptilke-βlakešem, koptilkem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||