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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koptə̑rašudo |
| Genitive: | koptə̑rašudə̑n |
| Dative: | koptə̑rašudə̑lan |
| Accusative: | koptə̑rašudə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptə̑rašudə̑la |
| Comitative: | koptə̑rašudə̑ge |
| Inessive: | koptə̑rašudə̑što |
| Illative: | koptə̑rašudə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | koptə̑rašudeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koptə̑rašudem |
| 2SG: | koptə̑rašudet |
| 3SG: | koptə̑rašudə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | koptə̑rašudə̑na |
| 2PL: | koptə̑rašudə̑da |
| 3PL: | koptə̑rašudə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koptə̑rašudo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koptə̑rašudo-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koptə̑rašudə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | koptə̑rašudə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koptə̑rašudem | koptə̑rašudo-βlak | koptə̑rašudo-βlakem, koptə̑rašudem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koptə̑rašudemə̑n | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑n | koptə̑rašudo-βlakemə̑n, koptə̑rašudem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koptə̑rašudemlan, koptə̑rašudə̑lanem | koptə̑rašudo-βlaklan | koptə̑rašudo-βlakemlan, koptə̑rašudem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koptə̑rašudemə̑m | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑m | koptə̑rašudo-βlakemə̑m, koptə̑rašudem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koptə̑rašudemla, koptə̑rašudə̑lam | koptə̑rašudo-βlakla | koptə̑rašudo-βlakemla, koptə̑rašudem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koptə̑rašudemge | koptə̑rašudo-βlakge | koptə̑rašudo-βlakemge, koptə̑rašudem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koptə̑rašudə̑štem | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑šte | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑štem, koptə̑rašudem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koptə̑rašudə̑škem | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑š(ke) | koptə̑rašudo-βlakə̑škem, koptə̑rašudem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koptə̑rašudešem | koptə̑rašudo-βlakeš | koptə̑rašudo-βlakešem, koptə̑rašudem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||