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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kopʃaŋge |
Genitive: | kopʃaŋgən |
Dative: | kopʃaŋgəlan |
Accusative: | kopʃaŋgəm |
Comparative: | kopʃaŋgəla |
Comitative: | kopʃaŋgəge |
Inessive: | kopʃaŋgəʃte |
Illative: | kopʃaŋgəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kopʃaŋgeʃ |
1SG: | kopʃaŋgem |
2SG: | kopʃaŋget |
3SG: | kopʃaŋgəʒ(e) |
1PL: | kopʃaŋgəna |
2PL: | kopʃaŋgəda |
3PL: | kopʃaŋgəʃt |
Plural (1): | kopʃaŋge-βlak |
Plural (2): | kopʃaŋge-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kopʃaŋgəla |
Sociative Plural: | kopʃaŋgəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kopʃaŋgem | kopʃaŋge-βlak | kopʃaŋge-βlakem, kopʃaŋgem-βlak |
Genitive: | kopʃaŋgemən | kopʃaŋge-βlakən | kopʃaŋge-βlakemən, kopʃaŋgem-βlakən |
Dative: | kopʃaŋgemlan, kopʃaŋgəlanem | kopʃaŋge-βlaklan | kopʃaŋge-βlakemlan, kopʃaŋgem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kopʃaŋgeməm | kopʃaŋge-βlakəm | kopʃaŋge-βlakeməm, kopʃaŋgem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kopʃaŋgemla, kopʃaŋgəlam | kopʃaŋge-βlakla | kopʃaŋge-βlakemla, kopʃaŋgem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kopʃaŋgemge | kopʃaŋge-βlakge | kopʃaŋge-βlakemge, kopʃaŋgem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kopʃaŋgəʃtem | kopʃaŋge-βlakəʃte | kopʃaŋge-βlakəʃtem, kopʃaŋgem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kopʃaŋgəʃkem | kopʃaŋge-βlakəʃ(ke) | kopʃaŋge-βlakəʃkem, kopʃaŋgem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kopʃaŋgeʃem | kopʃaŋge-βlakeʃ | kopʃaŋge-βlakeʃem, kopʃaŋgem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |