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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kosa |
| Genitive: | kosan |
| Dative: | kosalan |
| Accusative: | kosam |
| Comparative: | kosala |
| Comitative: | kosage |
| Inessive: | kosašte |
| Illative: | kosaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kosaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kosam |
| 2SG: | kosat |
| 3SG: | kosaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kosana |
| 2PL: | kosada |
| 3PL: | kosašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kosa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kosa-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kosala |
| Sociative Plural: | kosamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kosam | kosa-βlak | kosa-βlakem, kosam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kosamə̑n | kosa-βlakə̑n | kosa-βlakemə̑n, kosam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kosamlan, kosalanem | kosa-βlaklan | kosa-βlakemlan, kosam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kosamə̑m | kosa-βlakə̑m | kosa-βlakemə̑m, kosam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kosamla, kosalam | kosa-βlakla | kosa-βlakemla, kosam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kosamge | kosa-βlakge | kosa-βlakemge, kosam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kosaštem | kosa-βlakə̑šte | kosa-βlakə̑štem, kosam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kosaškem | kosa-βlakə̑š(ke) | kosa-βlakə̑škem, kosam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kosašem | kosa-βlakeš | kosa-βlakešem, kosam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||