Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umeram | om kost'umer |
| 2SG: | kost'umerat | ot kost'umer |
| 3SG: | kost'umereš | ok/ogeš kost'umer |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kost'umer |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kost'umer |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑t | ogə̑t kost'umer |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umerə̑m | šə̑m kost'umer |
| 2SG: | kost'umerə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kost'umer |
| 3SG: | kost'umere | ə̑š kost'umer |
| 1PL: | kost'umerna | ə̑šna kost'umer |
| 2PL: | kost'umerda | ə̑šda kost'umer |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑č́ | ə̑št kost'umer |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umerə̑nam | kost'umerə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kost'umerə̑nat | kost'umerə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kost'umerə̑n | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑nna | kost'umerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑nda | kost'umerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑nə̑t | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umeram ə̑l'e | om kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kost'umerat ə̑l'e | ot kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kost'umereš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kost'umer ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umeram ulmaš | om kost'umer ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kost'umerat ulmaš | ot kost'umer ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kost'umereš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kost'umer ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kost'umer ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kost'umer ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kost'umer ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umerə̑nam ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kost'umerə̑nat ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kost'umerə̑n ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑nna ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑nda ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umerə̑nam ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kost'umerə̑nat ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kost'umerə̑n ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kost'umerə̑nna ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kost'umerə̑nda ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kost'umerə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kost'umer | it kost'umer |
| 3SG: | kost'umerže | ə̑nže kost'umer |
| 1PL: | (kost'umerə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kost'umer) |
| 2PL: | kost'umerza | ida kost'umer |
| 3PL: | kost'umerə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kost'umer |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umernem | ə̑nem kost'umer |
| 2SG: | kost'umernet | ə̑net kost'umer |
| 3SG: | kost'umerneže | ə̑než kost'umer |
| 1PL: | kost'umernena | ə̑nena kost'umer |
| 2PL: | kost'umerneda | ə̑neda kost'umer |
| 3PL: | kost'umernešt | ə̑nešt kost'umer |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | kost'umernem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kost'umernena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kost'umerneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kost'umernena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kost'umerneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kost'umer ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kost'umernešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kost'umer ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kost'umernet ulmaš | ə̑net kost'umer ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kost'umerneže ulmaš | ə̑než kost'umer ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kost'umerneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kost'umer ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kost'umernešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kost'umer ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kost'umeraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kost'umerman |
| Active participle: | kost'umerše |
| Passive participle: | kost'umerme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kost'umeršaš |
| Negative participle: | kost'umerdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kost'umerə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kost'umerde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kost'umermek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kost'umermeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kost'umeršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kost'umermaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kost'umerdə̑maš |
