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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kost'um |
| Genitive: | kost'umə̑n |
| Dative: | kost'umlan |
| Accusative: | kost'umə̑m |
| Comparative: | kost'umla |
| Comitative: | kost'umge |
| Inessive: | kost'umə̑što |
| Illative: | kost'umə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kost'umeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kost'umem |
| 2SG: | kost'umet |
| 3SG: | kost'umžo |
| 1PL: | kost'umna |
| 2PL: | kost'umda |
| 3PL: | kost'umə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kost'um-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kost'um-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kost'umla |
| Sociative Plural: | kost'ummə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kost'umem | kost'um-βlak | kost'um-βlakem, kost'umem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kost'umemə̑n | kost'um-βlakə̑n | kost'um-βlakemə̑n, kost'umem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kost'umemlan, kost'umlanem | kost'um-βlaklan | kost'um-βlakemlan, kost'umem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kost'umemə̑m | kost'um-βlakə̑m | kost'um-βlakemə̑m, kost'umem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kost'umemla, kost'umlam | kost'um-βlakla | kost'um-βlakemla, kost'umem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kost'umemge | kost'um-βlakge | kost'um-βlakemge, kost'umem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kost'umə̑štem | kost'um-βlakə̑šte | kost'um-βlakə̑štem, kost'umem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kost'umə̑škem | kost'um-βlakə̑š(ke) | kost'um-βlakə̑škem, kost'umem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kost'umešem | kost'um-βlakeš | kost'um-βlakešem, kost'umem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||