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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kośkəmaʃ |
| Genitive: | kośkəmaʃən |
| Dative: | kośkəmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | kośkəmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | kośkəmaʃla |
| Comitative: | kośkəmaʃge |
| Inessive: | kośkəmaʃte, kośkəmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kośkəmaʃke, kośkəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kośkəmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kośkəmaʃem |
| 2SG: | kośkəmaʃet |
| 3SG: | kośkəmaʃːe, kośkəmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kośkəmaʃna |
| 2PL: | kośkəmaʃda |
| 3PL: | kośkəmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kośkəmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kośkəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kośkəmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kośkəmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kośkəmaʃem | kośkəmaʃ-βlak | kośkəmaʃ-βlakem, kośkəmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kośkəmaʃemən | kośkəmaʃ-βlakən | kośkəmaʃ-βlakemən, kośkəmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kośkəmaʃemlan, kośkəmaʃlanem | kośkəmaʃ-βlaklan | kośkəmaʃ-βlakemlan, kośkəmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kośkəmaʃeməm | kośkəmaʃ-βlakəm | kośkəmaʃ-βlakeməm, kośkəmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kośkəmaʃemla, kośkəmaʃlam | kośkəmaʃ-βlakla | kośkəmaʃ-βlakemla, kośkəmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kośkəmaʃemge | kośkəmaʃ-βlakge | kośkəmaʃ-βlakemge, kośkəmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kośkəmaʃtem, kośkəmaʃəʃtem | kośkəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kośkəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kośkəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kośkəmaʃkem, kośkəmaʃəʃkem | kośkəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kośkəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kośkəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kośkəmaʃeʃem | kośkəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kośkəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kośkəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||