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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koškə̑maš |
| Genitive: | koškə̑mašə̑n |
| Dative: | koškə̑mašlan |
| Accusative: | koškə̑mašə̑m |
| Comparative: | koškə̑mašla |
| Comitative: | koškə̑mašge |
| Inessive: | koškə̑mašte, koškə̑mašə̑šte |
| Illative: | koškə̑maške, koškə̑mašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koškə̑mašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koškə̑mašem |
| 2SG: | koškə̑mašet |
| 3SG: | koškə̑mašše, koškə̑mašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | koškə̑mašna |
| 2PL: | koškə̑mašda |
| 3PL: | koškə̑mašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koškə̑maš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koškə̑maš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koškə̑mašla |
| Sociative Plural: | koškə̑mašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koškə̑mašem | koškə̑maš-βlak | koškə̑maš-βlakem, koškə̑mašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koškə̑mašemə̑n | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑n | koškə̑maš-βlakemə̑n, koškə̑mašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koškə̑mašemlan, koškə̑mašlanem | koškə̑maš-βlaklan | koškə̑maš-βlakemlan, koškə̑mašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koškə̑mašemə̑m | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑m | koškə̑maš-βlakemə̑m, koškə̑mašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koškə̑mašemla, koškə̑mašlam | koškə̑maš-βlakla | koškə̑maš-βlakemla, koškə̑mašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koškə̑mašemge | koškə̑maš-βlakge | koškə̑maš-βlakemge, koškə̑mašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koškə̑maštem, koškə̑mašə̑štem | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑šte | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑štem, koškə̑mašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koškə̑maškem, koškə̑mašə̑škem | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑š(ke) | koškə̑maš-βlakə̑škem, koškə̑mašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koškə̑mašešem | koškə̑maš-βlakeš | koškə̑maš-βlakešem, koškə̑mašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||