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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koʃtant͡ɕək |
| Genitive: | koʃtant͡ɕəkən |
| Dative: | koʃtant͡ɕəklan |
| Accusative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəm |
| Comparative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkla |
| Comitative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkge |
| Inessive: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəʃte |
| Illative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koʃtant͡ɕəkem |
| 2SG: | koʃtant͡ɕəket |
| 3SG: | koʃtant͡ɕəkʃe |
| 1PL: | koʃtant͡ɕəkna |
| 2PL: | koʃtant͡ɕəkda |
| 3PL: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koʃtant͡ɕək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | koʃtant͡ɕəkla |
| Sociative Plural: | koʃtant͡ɕəkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkem | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlak | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakem, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koʃtant͡ɕəkemən | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakən | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakemən, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkemlan, koʃtant͡ɕəklanem | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlaklan | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakemlan, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkeməm | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakəm | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakeməm, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkemla, koʃtant͡ɕəklam | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakla | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakemla, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkemge | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakge | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakemge, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəʃtem | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakəʃte | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakəʃtem, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkəʃkem | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakəʃ(ke) | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakəʃkem, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koʃtant͡ɕəkeʃem | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakeʃ | koʃtant͡ɕək-βlakeʃem, koʃtant͡ɕəkem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||