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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koŋgaaŋ |
| Genitive: | koŋgaaŋə̑n |
| Dative: | koŋgaaŋlan |
| Accusative: | koŋgaaŋə̑m |
| Comparative: | koŋgaaŋla |
| Comitative: | koŋgaaŋge |
| Inessive: | koŋgaaŋə̑šte |
| Illative: | koŋgaaŋə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koŋgaaŋeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koŋgaaŋem |
| 2SG: | koŋgaaŋet |
| 3SG: | koŋgaaŋže |
| 1PL: | koŋgaaŋna |
| 2PL: | koŋgaaŋda |
| 3PL: | koŋgaaŋə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koŋgaaŋ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koŋgaaŋ-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koŋgaaŋla |
| Sociative Plural: | koŋgaaŋmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koŋgaaŋem | koŋgaaŋ-βlak | koŋgaaŋ-βlakem, koŋgaaŋem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koŋgaaŋemə̑n | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑n | koŋgaaŋ-βlakemə̑n, koŋgaaŋem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koŋgaaŋemlan, koŋgaaŋlanem | koŋgaaŋ-βlaklan | koŋgaaŋ-βlakemlan, koŋgaaŋem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koŋgaaŋemə̑m | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑m | koŋgaaŋ-βlakemə̑m, koŋgaaŋem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koŋgaaŋemla, koŋgaaŋlam | koŋgaaŋ-βlakla | koŋgaaŋ-βlakemla, koŋgaaŋem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koŋgaaŋemge | koŋgaaŋ-βlakge | koŋgaaŋ-βlakemge, koŋgaaŋem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koŋgaaŋə̑štem | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑šte | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑štem, koŋgaaŋem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koŋgaaŋə̑škem | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑š(ke) | koŋgaaŋ-βlakə̑škem, koŋgaaŋem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koŋgaaŋešem | koŋgaaŋ-βlakeš | koŋgaaŋ-βlakešem, koŋgaaŋem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||