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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koŋgakazna |
| Genitive: | koŋgakaznan |
| Dative: | koŋgakaznalan |
| Accusative: | koŋgakaznam |
| Comparative: | koŋgakaznala |
| Comitative: | koŋgakaznage |
| Inessive: | koŋgakaznaʃte |
| Illative: | koŋgakaznaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koŋgakaznaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koŋgakaznam |
| 2SG: | koŋgakaznat |
| 3SG: | koŋgakaznaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | koŋgakaznana |
| 2PL: | koŋgakaznada |
| 3PL: | koŋgakaznaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koŋgakazna-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koŋgakazna-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | koŋgakaznala |
| Sociative Plural: | koŋgakaznamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koŋgakaznam | koŋgakazna-βlak | koŋgakazna-βlakem, koŋgakaznam-βlak |
| Genitive: | koŋgakaznamən | koŋgakazna-βlakən | koŋgakazna-βlakemən, koŋgakaznam-βlakən |
| Dative: | koŋgakaznamlan, koŋgakaznalanem | koŋgakazna-βlaklan | koŋgakazna-βlakemlan, koŋgakaznam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koŋgakaznaməm | koŋgakazna-βlakəm | koŋgakazna-βlakeməm, koŋgakaznam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | koŋgakaznamla, koŋgakaznalam | koŋgakazna-βlakla | koŋgakazna-βlakemla, koŋgakaznam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koŋgakaznamge | koŋgakazna-βlakge | koŋgakazna-βlakemge, koŋgakaznam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koŋgakaznaʃtem | koŋgakazna-βlakəʃte | koŋgakazna-βlakəʃtem, koŋgakaznam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | koŋgakaznaʃkem | koŋgakazna-βlakəʃ(ke) | koŋgakazna-βlakəʃkem, koŋgakaznam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koŋgakaznaʃem | koŋgakazna-βlakeʃ | koŋgakazna-βlakeʃem, koŋgakaznam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||