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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koŋgašuldə̑r |
| Genitive: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑n |
| Dative: | koŋgašuldə̑rlan |
| Accusative: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑m |
| Comparative: | koŋgašuldə̑rla |
| Comitative: | koŋgašuldə̑rge |
| Inessive: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑što |
| Illative: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | koŋgašuldə̑reš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koŋgašuldə̑rem |
| 2SG: | koŋgašuldə̑ret |
| 3SG: | koŋgašuldə̑ržo |
| 1PL: | koŋgašuldə̑rna |
| 2PL: | koŋgašuldə̑rda |
| 3PL: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koŋgašuldə̑r-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | koŋgašuldə̑rla |
| Sociative Plural: | koŋgašuldə̑rmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koŋgašuldə̑rem | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlak | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakem, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koŋgašuldə̑remə̑n | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑n | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakemə̑n, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | koŋgašuldə̑remlan, koŋgašuldə̑rlanem | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlaklan | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakemlan, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koŋgašuldə̑remə̑m | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑m | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakemə̑m, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | koŋgašuldə̑remla, koŋgašuldə̑rlam | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakla | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakemla, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koŋgašuldə̑remge | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakge | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakemge, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑štem | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑šte | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑štem, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | koŋgašuldə̑rə̑škem | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑š(ke) | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakə̑škem, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | koŋgašuldə̑rešem | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakeš | koŋgašuldə̑r-βlakešem, koŋgašuldə̑rem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||