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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | koʃtəmo |
| Genitive: | koʃtəmən |
| Dative: | koʃtəməlan |
| Accusative: | koʃtəməm |
| Comparative: | koʃtəməla |
| Comitative: | koʃtəməge |
| Inessive: | koʃtəməʃto |
| Illative: | koʃtəməʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | koʃtəmeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | koʃtəmem |
| 2SG: | koʃtəmet |
| 3SG: | koʃtəməʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | koʃtəməna |
| 2PL: | koʃtəməda |
| 3PL: | koʃtəməʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | koʃtəmo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | koʃtəmo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | koʃtəməla |
| Sociative Plural: | koʃtəməmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | koʃtəmem | koʃtəmo-βlak | koʃtəmo-βlakem, koʃtəmem-βlak |
| Genitive: | koʃtəmemən | koʃtəmo-βlakən | koʃtəmo-βlakemən, koʃtəmem-βlakən |
| Dative: | koʃtəmemlan, koʃtəməlanem | koʃtəmo-βlaklan | koʃtəmo-βlakemlan, koʃtəmem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | koʃtəmeməm | koʃtəmo-βlakəm | koʃtəmo-βlakeməm, koʃtəmem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | koʃtəmemla, koʃtəməlam | koʃtəmo-βlakla | koʃtəmo-βlakemla, koʃtəmem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | koʃtəmemge | koʃtəmo-βlakge | koʃtəmo-βlakemge, koʃtəmem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | koʃtəməʃtem | koʃtəmo-βlakəʃte | koʃtəmo-βlakəʃtem, koʃtəmem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | koʃtəməʃkem | koʃtəmo-βlakəʃ(ke) | koʃtəmo-βlakəʃkem, koʃtəmem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | koʃtəmeʃem | koʃtəmo-βlakeʃ | koʃtəmo-βlakeʃem, koʃtəmem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||