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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuβandaj |
| Genitive: | kuβandajən |
| Dative: | kuβandajlan |
| Accusative: | kuβandajəm |
| Comparative: | kuβandajla |
| Comitative: | kuβandajge |
| Inessive: | kuβandajəʃte |
| Illative: | kuβandajəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuβandajeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuβandajem |
| 2SG: | kuβandajet |
| 3SG: | kuβandajʒe |
| 1PL: | kuβandajna |
| 2PL: | kuβandajda |
| 3PL: | kuβandajəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuβandaj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuβandaj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuβandajla |
| Sociative Plural: | kuβandajmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuβandajem | kuβandaj-βlak | kuβandaj-βlakem, kuβandajem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuβandajemən | kuβandaj-βlakən | kuβandaj-βlakemən, kuβandajem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuβandajemlan, kuβandajlanem | kuβandaj-βlaklan | kuβandaj-βlakemlan, kuβandajem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuβandajeməm | kuβandaj-βlakəm | kuβandaj-βlakeməm, kuβandajem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuβandajemla, kuβandajlam | kuβandaj-βlakla | kuβandaj-βlakemla, kuβandajem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuβandajemge | kuβandaj-βlakge | kuβandaj-βlakemge, kuβandajem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuβandajəʃtem | kuβandaj-βlakəʃte | kuβandaj-βlakəʃtem, kuβandajem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuβandajəʃkem | kuβandaj-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuβandaj-βlakəʃkem, kuβandajem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuβandajeʃem | kuβandaj-βlakeʃ | kuβandaj-βlakeʃem, kuβandajem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||