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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugemšan |
| Genitive: | kugemšanə̑n |
| Dative: | kugemšanlan |
| Accusative: | kugemšanə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugemšanla |
| Comitative: | kugemšange |
| Inessive: | kugemšanə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugemšanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugemšaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugemšanem |
| 2SG: | kugemšanet |
| 3SG: | kugemšanže |
| 1PL: | kugemšanna |
| 2PL: | kugemšanda |
| 3PL: | kugemšanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugemšan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugemšan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kugemšanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kugemšanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugemšanem | kugemšan-βlak | kugemšan-βlakem, kugemšanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugemšanemə̑n | kugemšan-βlakə̑n | kugemšan-βlakemə̑n, kugemšanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kugemšanemlan, kugemšanlanem | kugemšan-βlaklan | kugemšan-βlakemlan, kugemšanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugemšanemə̑m | kugemšan-βlakə̑m | kugemšan-βlakemə̑m, kugemšanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugemšanemla, kugemšanlam | kugemšan-βlakla | kugemšan-βlakemla, kugemšanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugemšanemge | kugemšan-βlakge | kugemšan-βlakemge, kugemšanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugemšanə̑štem | kugemšan-βlakə̑šte | kugemšan-βlakə̑štem, kugemšanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugemšanə̑škem | kugemšan-βlakə̑š(ke) | kugemšan-βlakə̑škem, kugemšanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugemšanešem | kugemšan-βlakeš | kugemšan-βlakešem, kugemšanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||