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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugeʃnəmaʃ |
| Genitive: | kugeʃnəmaʃən |
| Dative: | kugeʃnəmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | kugeʃnəmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | kugeʃnəmaʃla |
| Comitative: | kugeʃnəmaʃge |
| Inessive: | kugeʃnəmaʃte, kugeʃnəmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | kugeʃnəmaʃke, kugeʃnəmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kugeʃnəmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugeʃnəmaʃem |
| 2SG: | kugeʃnəmaʃet |
| 3SG: | kugeʃnəmaʃːe, kugeʃnəmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kugeʃnəmaʃna |
| 2PL: | kugeʃnəmaʃda |
| 3PL: | kugeʃnəmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugeʃnəmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kugeʃnəmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | kugeʃnəmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugeʃnəmaʃem | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlak | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakem, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugeʃnəmaʃemən | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakən | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakemən, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kugeʃnəmaʃemlan, kugeʃnəmaʃlanem | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlaklan | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakemlan, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugeʃnəmaʃeməm | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakəm | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakeməm, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kugeʃnəmaʃemla, kugeʃnəmaʃlam | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakla | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakemla, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugeʃnəmaʃemge | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakge | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakemge, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugeʃnəmaʃtem, kugeʃnəmaʃəʃtem | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakəʃte | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kugeʃnəmaʃkem, kugeʃnəmaʃəʃkem | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kugeʃnəmaʃeʃem | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakeʃ | kugeʃnəmaʃ-βlakeʃem, kugeʃnəmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||