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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugešnə̑lše |
| Genitive: | kugešnə̑lšə̑n |
| Dative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑la |
| Comitative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kugešnə̑lšə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugešnə̑lšeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugešnə̑lšem |
| 2SG: | kugešnə̑lšet |
| 3SG: | kugešnə̑lšə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kugešnə̑lšə̑na |
| 2PL: | kugešnə̑lšə̑da |
| 3PL: | kugešnə̑lšə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugešnə̑lše-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugešnə̑lše-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kugešnə̑lšə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kugešnə̑lšə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugešnə̑lšem | kugešnə̑lše-βlak | kugešnə̑lše-βlakem, kugešnə̑lšem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugešnə̑lšemə̑n | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑n | kugešnə̑lše-βlakemə̑n, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kugešnə̑lšemlan, kugešnə̑lšə̑lanem | kugešnə̑lše-βlaklan | kugešnə̑lše-βlakemlan, kugešnə̑lšem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugešnə̑lšemə̑m | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑m | kugešnə̑lše-βlakemə̑m, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugešnə̑lšemla, kugešnə̑lšə̑lam | kugešnə̑lše-βlakla | kugešnə̑lše-βlakemla, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugešnə̑lšemge | kugešnə̑lše-βlakge | kugešnə̑lše-βlakemge, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugešnə̑lšə̑štem | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑šte | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑štem, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugešnə̑lšə̑škem | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑š(ke) | kugešnə̑lše-βlakə̑škem, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugešnə̑lšešem | kugešnə̑lše-βlakeš | kugešnə̑lše-βlakešem, kugešnə̑lšem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||