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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugumša |
| Genitive: | kugumšan |
| Dative: | kugumšalan |
| Accusative: | kugumšam |
| Comparative: | kugumšala |
| Comitative: | kugumšage |
| Inessive: | kugumšašte |
| Illative: | kugumšaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kugumšaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugumšam |
| 2SG: | kugumšat |
| 3SG: | kugumšaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kugumšana |
| 2PL: | kugumšada |
| 3PL: | kugumšašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugumša-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugumša-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kugumšala |
| Sociative Plural: | kugumšamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugumšam | kugumša-βlak | kugumša-βlakem, kugumšam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugumšamə̑n | kugumša-βlakə̑n | kugumša-βlakemə̑n, kugumšam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kugumšamlan, kugumšalanem | kugumša-βlaklan | kugumša-βlakemlan, kugumšam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugumšamə̑m | kugumša-βlakə̑m | kugumša-βlakemə̑m, kugumšam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugumšamla, kugumšalam | kugumša-βlakla | kugumša-βlakemla, kugumšam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugumšamge | kugumša-βlakge | kugumša-βlakemge, kugumšam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugumšaštem | kugumša-βlakə̑šte | kugumša-βlakə̑štem, kugumšam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugumšaškem | kugumša-βlakə̑š(ke) | kugumša-βlakə̑škem, kugumšam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugumšašem | kugumša-βlakeš | kugumša-βlakešem, kugumšam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||