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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kugə̑βeŋe |
| Genitive: | kugə̑βeŋə̑n |
| Dative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑la |
| Comitative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kugə̑βeŋə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugə̑βeŋeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kugə̑βeŋem |
| 2SG: | kugə̑βeŋet |
| 3SG: | kugə̑βeŋə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | kugə̑βeŋə̑na |
| 2PL: | kugə̑βeŋə̑da |
| 3PL: | kugə̑βeŋə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kugə̑βeŋe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kugə̑βeŋe-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kugə̑βeŋə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kugə̑βeŋə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kugə̑βeŋem | kugə̑βeŋe-βlak | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakem, kugə̑βeŋem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kugə̑βeŋemə̑n | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑n | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakemə̑n, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kugə̑βeŋemlan, kugə̑βeŋə̑lanem | kugə̑βeŋe-βlaklan | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakemlan, kugə̑βeŋem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kugə̑βeŋemə̑m | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑m | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakemə̑m, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kugə̑βeŋemla, kugə̑βeŋə̑lam | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakla | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakemla, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kugə̑βeŋemge | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakge | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakemge, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kugə̑βeŋə̑štem | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑šte | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑štem, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kugə̑βeŋə̑škem | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑š(ke) | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakə̑škem, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kugə̑βeŋešem | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakeš | kugə̑βeŋe-βlakešem, kugə̑βeŋem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||