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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kudalšan |
| Genitive: | kudalšanə̑n |
| Dative: | kudalšanlan |
| Accusative: | kudalšanə̑m |
| Comparative: | kudalšanla |
| Comitative: | kudalšange |
| Inessive: | kudalšanə̑šte |
| Illative: | kudalšanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kudalšaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kudalšanem |
| 2SG: | kudalšanet |
| 3SG: | kudalšanže |
| 1PL: | kudalšanna |
| 2PL: | kudalšanda |
| 3PL: | kudalšanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kudalšan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kudalšan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kudalšanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kudalšanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kudalšanem | kudalšan-βlak | kudalšan-βlakem, kudalšanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kudalšanemə̑n | kudalšan-βlakə̑n | kudalšan-βlakemə̑n, kudalšanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kudalšanemlan, kudalšanlanem | kudalšan-βlaklan | kudalšan-βlakemlan, kudalšanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kudalšanemə̑m | kudalšan-βlakə̑m | kudalšan-βlakemə̑m, kudalšanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kudalšanemla, kudalšanlam | kudalšan-βlakla | kudalšan-βlakemla, kudalšanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kudalšanemge | kudalšan-βlakge | kudalšan-βlakemge, kudalšanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kudalšanə̑štem | kudalšan-βlakə̑šte | kudalšan-βlakə̑štem, kudalšanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kudalšanə̑škem | kudalšan-βlakə̑š(ke) | kudalšan-βlakə̑škem, kudalšanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kudalšanešem | kudalšan-βlakeš | kudalšan-βlakešem, kudalšanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||