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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kukmak |
| Genitive: | kukmakə̑n |
| Dative: | kukmaklan |
| Accusative: | kukmakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukmakla |
| Comitative: | kukmakge |
| Inessive: | kukmakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kukmakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kukmakeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kukmakem |
| 2SG: | kukmaket |
| 3SG: | kukmakše |
| 1PL: | kukmakna |
| 2PL: | kukmakda |
| 3PL: | kukmakə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kukmak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kukmak-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kukmakla |
| Sociative Plural: | kukmakmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kukmakem | kukmak-βlak | kukmak-βlakem, kukmakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kukmakemə̑n | kukmak-βlakə̑n | kukmak-βlakemə̑n, kukmakem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kukmakemlan, kukmaklanem | kukmak-βlaklan | kukmak-βlakemlan, kukmakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kukmakemə̑m | kukmak-βlakə̑m | kukmak-βlakemə̑m, kukmakem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukmakemla, kukmaklam | kukmak-βlakla | kukmak-βlakemla, kukmakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kukmakemge | kukmak-βlakge | kukmak-βlakemge, kukmakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kukmakə̑štem | kukmak-βlakə̑šte | kukmak-βlakə̑štem, kukmakem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kukmakə̑škem | kukmak-βlakə̑š(ke) | kukmak-βlakə̑škem, kukmakem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kukmakešem | kukmak-βlakeš | kukmak-βlakešem, kukmakem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||