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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kukman |
| Genitive: | kukmanən |
| Dative: | kukmanlan |
| Accusative: | kukmanəm |
| Comparative: | kukmanla |
| Comitative: | kukmange |
| Inessive: | kukmanəʃte |
| Illative: | kukmanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kukmaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kukmanem |
| 2SG: | kukmanet |
| 3SG: | kukmanʒe |
| 1PL: | kukmanːa |
| 2PL: | kukmanda |
| 3PL: | kukmanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kukman-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kukman-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kukmanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kukmanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kukmanem | kukman-βlak | kukman-βlakem, kukmanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kukmanemən | kukman-βlakən | kukman-βlakemən, kukmanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kukmanemlan, kukmanlanem | kukman-βlaklan | kukman-βlakemlan, kukmanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kukmaneməm | kukman-βlakəm | kukman-βlakeməm, kukmanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kukmanemla, kukmanlam | kukman-βlakla | kukman-βlakemla, kukmanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kukmanemge | kukman-βlakge | kukman-βlakemge, kukmanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kukmanəʃtem | kukman-βlakəʃte | kukman-βlakəʃtem, kukmanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kukmanəʃkem | kukman-βlakəʃ(ke) | kukman-βlakəʃkem, kukmanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kukmaneʃem | kukman-βlakeʃ | kukman-βlakeʃem, kukmanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||