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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kukuβuj |
| Genitive: | kukuβujə̑n |
| Dative: | kukuβujlan |
| Accusative: | kukuβujə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukuβujla |
| Comitative: | kukuβujge |
| Inessive: | kukuβujə̑što |
| Illative: | kukuβujə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kukuβuješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kukuβujem |
| 2SG: | kukuβujet |
| 3SG: | kukuβujžo |
| 1PL: | kukuβujna |
| 2PL: | kukuβujda |
| 3PL: | kukuβujə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kukuβuj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kukuβuj-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kukuβujla |
| Sociative Plural: | kukuβujmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kukuβujem | kukuβuj-βlak | kukuβuj-βlakem, kukuβujem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kukuβujemə̑n | kukuβuj-βlakə̑n | kukuβuj-βlakemə̑n, kukuβujem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kukuβujemlan, kukuβujlanem | kukuβuj-βlaklan | kukuβuj-βlakemlan, kukuβujem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kukuβujemə̑m | kukuβuj-βlakə̑m | kukuβuj-βlakemə̑m, kukuβujem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kukuβujemla, kukuβujlam | kukuβuj-βlakla | kukuβuj-βlakemla, kukuβujem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kukuβujemge | kukuβuj-βlakge | kukuβuj-βlakemge, kukuβujem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kukuβujə̑štem | kukuβuj-βlakə̑šte | kukuβuj-βlakə̑štem, kukuβujem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kukuβujə̑škem | kukuβuj-βlakə̑š(ke) | kukuβuj-βlakə̑škem, kukuβujem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kukuβuješem | kukuβuj-βlakeš | kukuβuj-βlakešem, kukuβujem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||